Solanaceae Source

A global taxonomic resource for the nightshade family

Solanum albornozii

Citation author: 
Correll
Citation: 
Wrightia 2: 178. 1961.
Type: 
Ecuador. Loja: among bushes in clearings on upper slopes of Villonaco, 15 km from Loja on road to Catamayo, 17 Mar 1958, D.S. Correll and G. Albornoz E381 (holotype, LL [Correll neg. 177, BM000882152, NY, UC-1152162]; isotypes, F-1561939, G-87701, LL-3 sheets [Correll neg. 176, BM000882151, NY, UC-1152162; Correll neg. 449, BM000882149, UC-1152162, NY; Correll neg. 450, BM000882150, NY, UC-1152162], MO-1772288, NY00259403, U0006803, UC-1176448, US00588700).
Last edited by: 
Spooner, D.M.
Written by: 
Spooner, D.M. & M. Ames
Habit: 
Herbs 0.4-1 m tall, erect. Stems 3-5 mm in diameter at base of plant, winged or unwinged, the wings 0-0.21 mm wide, glabrous.
Sympodial structure: 
Sympodial units tri- to plurifoliate, not geminate.
Leaves: 
Leaves odd-pinnate, the blades 10.5-26 x 6.6-14 cm, light green abaxially and dark green adaxially, coriaceous and shiny, glabrous adaxially, glabrous to glabrescent with very short hairs abaxially; lateral leaflet pairs 5-7, increasing in size toward the middle of leaf and then decreasing toward the leaf base, with the terminal leaflet generally subequal or smaller to the laterals; most distal lateral leaflets 3-8.5 x 0.7-2.2 cm, elliptic, the apex acute to acuminate, the base petiolulate or sessile and slightly decurrent on the rachis, attenuate to rounded, asymmetric with more tissue on the basiscopic side; terminal leaflet 3.7-6.5 x 0.9-2 cm, elliptic, the apex acute to acuminate, the base cuneate; interjected leaflets 14-85, sessile to short petiolulate, ovate to orbicular; petioles 1-5.5 cm, glabrous. Pseudostipules 3-5 mm long, glabrous to subglabrous.
Inflorescences: 
Inflorescences 6-10 cm, terminal with a subtending axillary bud, generally in distal half of the plant, usually forked, with 22-86 flowers, with all flowers apparently perfect, the axes glabrous; peduncle 0.5-10.4 cm long; pedicels 10-24 mm long in flower and fruit, spaced 5-10 mm apart, articulated high in the distal half.
Flowers: 
Flowers homostylous, 5-merous. Calyx 4-9 mm long, the tube 1-3 mm, the lobes 2-5 mm, ovate to lanceolate, the acumens 0.4-3 mm long, glabrous. Corolla 2-3.7 cm in diameter, pentagonal to rotate-pentagonal, white with a lilac streak on the back of the lobes, the tube 1-2 mm long, the acumens 0.5-0.8 mm long, the corolla edges flat, slightly folded dorsally, glabrous abaxially and adaxially. Stamens with the filaments 1-2 mm long; anthers 4-8 mm long, lanceolate, connivent, yellow, poricidal at the tips, the pores lengthening to slits with age. Ovary glabrous; style 3-10 mm x ca. 1 mm, exceeding stamens by 0.9-4 mm, straight, glabrous; stigma clavate to capitate.
Fruits: 
Fruit an ovoid berry, 1.1-1.4 cm in diameter, medium green, glabrous.
Seeds: 
Seeds from living specimens ovoid and ca. 2 mm long, whitish to greenish in fresh condition and drying brownish, with a thick covering of “hair-like” lateral walls of the testal cells that make the seeds mucilaginous when wet, green-white throughout; testal cells honeycomb-shaped when lateral walls removed by enzyme digestion.
Chromosome number: 

2n = 2x = 24 voucher: Spooner et al. 5030 (CIP) (Hijmans, et al. 2007)

Distribution: 

Ecuador (Provs. Loja and Azuay), among bushes on slopes, 2350-3400 m in elevation.

Phenology: 
Flowering and fruiting from March to July.
Phylogeny: 

Solanum albornozii is a member of Solanum sect. Petota Dumort., the tuber-bearing cultivated and wild potatoes. On a higher taxonomic level, it is a member of the informally-named Potato Clade, a group of perhaps 200-300 species that also includes the tomato and its wild relatives (Bohs, 2005).

Commentary: 

Solanum albornozii is morphologically similar to S. augustii; both have white corollas with purple stripes and a similar shape. However, they differ in the shape of the fruits, with S. augustii having globose berries and S. albornozii ovoid berries.

References: 

Correll, D.S. 1962. The potato and its wild relatives.
Contr. Texas Res. Found., Bot. Stud. 4: 1-606.

Ochoa, C.M. 1999. Las papas de Sudamerica: Perú.
Centro International de La Papa (CIP), Lima, Perú.

Bohs, L. 2005. Major clades in Solanum based on ndhF sequences.
Pp. 27-49 in R. C. Keating, V. C. Hollowell, & T. B. Croat (eds.), A festschrift for William G. D’Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.

Hijmans, R., T. Gavrilenko, S. Stephenson, J. Bamberg, A. Salas & D.M. Spooner 2007. Geographic and environmental range expansion through polyploidy in wild potatoes (Solanum section Petota).
Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 16: 485-495.

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